Bohol is a province of the Philippines, in the country’s Central Visayas region. It comprises Bohol Island and numerous smaller surrounding islands. Bohol is known for coral reefs and unusual geological formations, notably the Chocolate Hills. On the main island, near the town of Carmen, these 1,200 or so symmetrical mounds turn cocoa-brown in the dry season, contrasting with the surrounding jungle’s greenery.
History
The history and origin of Bohol, like many places in the Philippines, are intertwined with its geographical and cultural evolution over millennia. Here are key points about the history and origin of Bohol:
- Pre-colonial Period: Before the arrival of the Spaniards, Bohol was already inhabited by the indigenous Boholanos, who were believed to be of Malay-Polynesian descent. They lived in small communities led by chieftains and engaged in agriculture, fishing, and trade.
- Spanish Colonial Era (1565-1898):In 1565, Spanish conquistadors led by Miguel López de Legazpi arrived in Bohol and established control over the island.
- Christianization: The Spaniards introduced Christianity to the island, and churches and missions were built throughout Bohol. Notable among these is the Baclayon Church, one of the oldest churches in the Philippines.
- Revolts and Resistance: throughout the colonial period, there were occasional revolts and resistance against Spanish rule, reflecting Boholano resistance to foreign domination.
- American Period (1898-1946):After the Spanish-American War and the Treaty of Paris in 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States. Bohol became part of the American colonial administration. During this period, infrastructure development increased, and education underwent reforms under American influence.
- World War II and Japanese Occupation (1941-1945):Bohol was occupied by Japanese forces during World War II, leading to hardships for the local population. Guerrilla resistance movements operated in Bohol, contributing to the Allied liberation of the Philippines.
- Post-War and Modern Period: After World War II, the Philippines gained independence from the United States in 1946, and Bohol became a part of the newly independent nation. Bohol has since developed economically, with tourism becoming a significant industry due to its natural attractions such as the Chocolate Hills, beaches, and historical sites.
Throughout its history, Bohol has evolved from a pre-colonial community of indigenous peoples to a province shaped by Spanish colonization, American influence, and its own unique cultural identity. Its history reflects the broader narrative of the Philippines as a nation shaped by diverse influences over centuries.
Destination
Bohol is a popular destination in the Philippines known for its natural wonders, historical sites, and cultural heritage. Here are some of the top destinations you can explore when visiting Bohol:
Chocolate Hills
Perhaps the most iconic attraction in Bohol, the Chocolate Hills are cone-shaped hills covered in green grass that turn brown during the dry season, resembling chocolate kisses. The view from the Chocolate Hills Complex in Carmen offers a breathtaking panorama.
Tarsier Sanctuary
Bohol is home to the Philippine tarsier, one of the world's smallest primates. You can visit the Tarsier Sanctuary in Corella or the Tarsier Conservation Area in Loboc to observe these adorable creatures in their natural habitat.
Panglao Island
Connected to Bohol by bridge, Panglao Island is famous for its white sandy beaches and clear turquoise waters. Alona Beach is a popular spot for swimming, snorkeling, and diving.
Baclayon Church
Located in the town of Baclayon, this church is one of the oldest churches in the Philippines, dating back to the Spanish colonial period. It features a centuries-old stone structure and religious artifacts.
Loboc River Cruise
Enjoy a leisurely cruise along the scenic Loboc River while feasting on local cuisine. You can also experience cultural performances by local musicians and dancers aboard the floating restaurants.
Blood Compact Shrine
This historical site in Tagbilaran City commemorates the blood compact or Sandugo between Spanish explorer Miguel López de Legazpi and Bohol chieftain Datu Sikatuna, symbolizing peace and friendship.
Hinagdanan Cave
Located in Dauis, Hinagdanan Cave is a naturally formed cave with a limestone chamber, stalactites, stalagmites, and an underground lake where visitors can swim.
Anda Beaches
If you're looking for quieter and less crowded beaches, Anda in eastern Bohol offers pristine white sand beaches, crystal-clear waters, and opportunities for snorkeling and diving.
Man-made Forest
Along the road to the Chocolate Hills, you'll find the Bilar Man-made Forest, a stretch of mahogany trees planted by locals that create a cool and picturesque tunnel-like canopy.
Island Hopping
Explore nearby islands and islets such as Balicasag Island and Virgin Island for snorkeling, diving, and beach activities.
These destinations make Bohol a diverse and captivating destination for travelers seeking natural beauty, cultural experiences, and historical insights in the Philippines.
